
SENSE HT 4050 spec sheet EN (pdf)
SENSE HT 4050 spec sheet EN (pdf)
Description: SENSE HT 4050 spec sheet EN
Access level: public
Reference: SDOC-498608282-329
Download: PDF
Access level: public
Reference: SDOC-498608282-329
Download: PDF
April 19, 2023 11:07 AM
www.sensolus.com | info@sensolus.com
BLE humidity/temperature
SENSE HT 4050
Small puck-sized temperature and humidity sensor with a
temperature range from -40°C to + 85°C (-40°F to 185°F).
Battery powered
Range up to 60 meter
IP65
Connectivity
Transmission range
Up to 60 meter (65 yards)
BLE advertisement period
2 seconds at +4dBm
Sensor characteristics
Temperature
· Range: -40°C to +85°C (-40°F to 185°F)
· Accuracy: ±0,5°C (0,8°F)
-40°C to + 85°C (-40°F to 185°F)
Battery
· Up to 7 years battery life depending on tranmission power
· Non replaceable 3 VDC – Internal lithium battery
Mechanics & design
Size
∅ 57mm x 20 mm (∅ 2 ¹/₄ in x ²⁵/₃₂ in)
Operating temperature
Weight
41 gram (1,45 oz)
Casing
DELRIN (POM C) material Food Grade (90/128/EEC)
Mounting
Double sided tape
Humidity
· Range: 0% to 100%
· Accuracy: ±2,5 % max (0% to 90%), ±3,5 % max (90% to
100%)
Certificates
CE: EN 300 328/ EN 301 489 & EN 55032 / EN 62368-1
Europe
FCC: FCC 15
USA
ISED: RSS-247 / ICES-003
Canada
Yes
RoHS
20 mm (²⁵/₃₂ in)
57 mm (2 ¹/₄ in)
57 mm (2 ¹/₄ in)
Sensolus product mounting instructions (pdf)
Sensolus product mounting instructions (pdf)
Description: Mounting instructions for installation of Sensolus devices
Access level: public
Reference: SDOC-498608282-1048
Download: PDF
Access level: public
Reference: SDOC-498608282-1048
Download: PDF
Product
mounting advice
How to install Sensolus productsLast update: Thursday, June 12, 2025
2Sensolus product mounting advice
This document is for all installers of our products and gives an overview and advice for the
mounting options of standard Sensolus products.
Choosing the right mounting method is important to make sure the product doesn’t get damaged or falls of.
MOUNTING OPTIONS PER PRODUCT … 3 RIVETS … 4 RIVET DIMENSIONS … 4 THE WAY TO FIND YOUR RIVETS … 5 RIVET MATERIAL … 6 BOLTS AND SCREWS … 7 DOUBLE SIDED TAPE … 8 TIE WRAPS … 9 GLUE … 10 MAGNET MOUNTING KIT … 11 SENSOR AND TAG HOLDERS … 12 MOUNTING ADVICE FOR TRACKERS ON SPECIFIC MATERIALS … 13 VIBRATING PLASTICS IN OUTDOOR CONDITIONS … 13 PLASTIC BOXES … 13 METAL IN OUTDOOR CONDITIONS … 13 Trackers … 13 Tags … 13 FILL LEVEL SENSOR INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS … 14 MOUNTING OVERVIEW … 14 TOOLS AND MATERIALS NEEDED … 14 INSTALLATION STEPS … 14Last update: Thursday, June 12, 2025 3Mounting options per productProduct Rivets Bolts/screws Glue Double sided tape Tie wraps Holder Magnet mounting kit Battery powered trackers• TRACK 1000 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓ • TRACK 1020 ✓ ✓✓• TRACK 1030 ✓ ✓✓• TRACK 1100 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓ • TRACK 1140 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓ • TRACK 1110 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓• TRACK 1130 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓• TRACK 1101 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓ • TRACK 1141 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓Vehicle trackers• TRACK 1203✓ ✓ ✓• TRACK 1210 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓Tag trackers• TAG 2001 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓• TAG 2002✓ ✓✓• TAG 2002 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓• TAG 2007✓ ✓Sensors• SENSE T 4000✓ ✓✓• SENSE HT 4050✓ ✓✓• SENSE M 4201✓ ✓✓• SENSE T 4004✓ ✓✓• SENSE FL 4300✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓Infrastructure• GB 3000 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓• ZA 3500✓ ✓ ✓• ZA 3505 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓ • ZA 3510✓✓ ✓✓Last update: Thursday, June 12, 2025 4 Rivets We recommend rivets because they are easy in installation and strong. Use the appropriate size and length of the rivets. So how to choose the correct dimension of your rivets?
Rivet dimensionsFigure 1: Rivet dimensions D2: 12-14 mm is a good head diameter for 1100/1101 (dome or flat head) D1: 5-6 mm is a good diameter for 1100/1101 L: Rivet body length (decision depends on S) S: Grip range Rivet manufacturers give you the dimensions in D1 x L (e.g. 6 x 20). The rivet manufacturer gives the grip range for the different rivet dimensions that he provides,
e.g. GESIPA Blind rivets alu/steel dome head 6 x 20 has a Grip range of 13,00 - 15,00 mmDrillhole diameter: D1 + 0,1mm d: Mandrel diameter (needs to fit in your tool, a lot of rivet manufacturer/dealers don‘t have/show this information)
Tracker Thickes 8mm Asset material thicknessLast update: Thursday, June 12, 2025 5 For example: The length of the rivet should be equal to the thickness of both objects you are fastening the tracker to (mounting holes height + thickness material), plus 1.5 times the diameter of the rivet’s stem. Do not use rivets with a smaller diameter, this will not firmly attach the tracker. Do not use rivets with bigger diameter as you might damage the casing. The way to find your rivets • Choose the correct material of the rivet body • Determine the correct grip range (S) by adding tracker material thickness 8mm + material thickness of the asset • Choose your preferred rivet body diameter (5 or 6 mm) • Choose your preferred rivet head diameter (12 or 14 mm) • Make sure the mandrel diameter fits into your rivet tool. If you don’t know the maximum mandrel diameter that your tool can handle, you can determine that by sticking drills with different diameters into your rivet tool. There are often values on the rivet inserts of the riveting tool. These usually refer to rivet body diameters. However, since there are hundreds of different rivet variants on the market and almost every manufacturer does what they want, you should ignore this information and follow the recommendations in this document. Measuring is the best way. Other than others, GESIPA gives you the diameter of the mandrels). • Make sure you have enough drills with correct diameter, it can happen that you will break one or the other drill (rivet body diameter + 0,1mm (e.g. 6,1mm).
GESIPA – The experts in blind riveting: Standard blind rivetsTracker mount hole Diameters and height overviewProduct Distance between mounting holes Rivet diameter Height of mounting holes TRACK 1110 90 mm 5 mm 5 mm TRACK 1130 125 mm 5 mm 5mm TRACK 1100/1101/1140/1141 115 mm 6 mm 8 mm SENSE FL 4300 111,5 mm 4 mm 5 mm TAG 2001 49 mm 4 mm 3 mm TAG 2006 60 mm 4 mm 7 mm GB 3000 84 mm 4 mm
2 mm ZA 3505 115 mm 5 mm 8 mmℹ GESIPA is a good manufacturer of high quality rivets and has a wizard on their website toLast update: Thursday, June 12, 2025 6Rivet material Stainless steel Use Stainless steel rivets when mounting trackers on outdoor assets.Steel Steel rivets can be used for indoor purposes when mounting on steel assets.Aluminium Use aluminum rivets for mountin the tracker on materials such as aluminum, fabrics, plastics, leather,Figure 2 Moun!ng with rivets⚠ Using aluminium rivets on steel can cause the rivet to corrode.
⚠ Do not use stainless steel rivets on aluminium assets. They cause corrosion on the asset . ⚠ Do not use steel rivets on aluminium assets. They can cause corrosion on the asset.Last update: Thursday, June 12, 2025 7 Bolts and screws Bolts and screws are harder to install than rivets because you need access to both the bolt and the nut. This is not always possible, for example when installing tracker on sidewall of a large container. The advantage of bolts and screws is that it is easier to remove them, rivets/glue/tape is harder.
Using glue in combination with bolts and screws is common practice but requires more work.
• 3M Acrylic Plus Tape Series PT1000 : h”ps://www.3m.com/3M/en_US/p/d/b40065692/ • 3M™ VHB™ Tape GPH-110GF : h”ps://www.3mbelgie.be/3M/nl_BE/p/d/b40065748 Follow these steps when applying double sided tape:
In some cases, plastic tie wraps are also useful: if you need to remove the trackers often and fast for example. Take into account that tie wraps can be easily cut to take away the trackerProduct Tie wrap width TRACK 1110 6 mm TRACK 1100/1101/1140/1141 5 mm SENSE FL 4300 / TAG 2001 4 mm TAG 2006 4 mm ZA 3505 6 mmFigure 5 Moun!ng with !e wraps⚠ TRACK 1020 and TRACK 1030 cannot be mounted with tie wraps. The anti-tamper button needs to be pushed continuously to ensure proper working of the tracker.Last update: Thursday, June 12, 2025 10 Glue Glue can be very strong but also once it is glued, it is very hard to remove the device. You will probably damage the device and break warranty when removing a glued device.
Avoid gluing a tracker or tag on an asset that is regularly exposed to vibrations or shocks. Our devices are best paired with these recommended glue types.Product Glue type TRACK 1100/1110/1140/1101/1141 MS Polymeer SENSE FL 4300 MS Polymeer SENSE T 4000/ SENSE T 4004 / SENSE M 4201
Polyurethane glue TAG 2001 MS Polymeer TAG 2002 Polyurethane glue TAG 2006 MS Polymeer TAG 2007 MS Polymeer Apply these steps when using glue
Magnet mounting kit for SENSE FL 4300 MNT MAG 8111 ZA 3510 Magnet mounting kit for 1 TRACK 1100/1101/1140 tracker MNT MAG 8110Figure 7 Moun!ng with magnet kit⚠ All other products cannot be mounted with a magnet mounting kit.Last update: Thursday, June 12, 2025 12 Sensor and tag holders Sensolus offers a holder and sticker kit to mount the sensors.
Use the holder if you can drill holes in the asset. The holder with screws is the safest mounting method for the listed sensors. Glue and double sided tape can react to heavy heat or cold temperatures.
You can mount the sensor using only the sticker (see mount with double sided tape). Or you can use the holder. You can mount the holder with double sided tape (see mount with double sided tape) or screws.Product Description Sensolus reference • SENSE T 4000 • SENSE T 4004 • SENSE HT 4050 • SENSE M 4201 • TAG 2002 ELA sensor mounting holder MNT ELA 8140Figure 8 Moun!ng with holdersLast update: Thursday, June 12, 2025 13 Mounting advice for trackers on specific materials Vibrating plastics in outdoor conditions Plastic may deteriorate over time from exposure to weather and vibrations. By using a combination of glue and bolts or rivets, you can securely fasten the device to the asset. Plastic boxes
Plastic boxes are handled by people, the stack them, let them drop sometimes, load them onto carriers and so on. Attaching trackers or Bluetooth tag trackers seems easy by gluing them. Check the material of the plastic box and look for a glue or silicone that is suited for the material. When glued, wait for at least 6 hours to handle the plastic box.
Metal in outdoor conditions Trackers We recommend to use mechanical mounting on metal in outdoor conditions. Rivets or blots and screws are a good solution. Please check the mounting advice for rivets and bolts.
Tags Glueing Bluetooth tag trackers onto metal assets works fine. Use of correct glue and respect drying times is essential. You can find the correct type of glue and drying times in the glue chapter of this document.Last update: Thursday, June 12, 2025 14 Fill Level Sensor Installation Instructions Mounting Overview The fill level sensor can be securely mounted using double-sided tape or industrial-grade polymer glue. Proper adhesion and sealing are critical to ensure accurate readings and long- term durability, especially in environments exposed to moisture. Tools and Materials Needed • Clean cloth or isopropyl alcohol wipes • Industrial-grade polymer glue (if chosen) • High-quality waterproof double-sided tape (if chosen) • Sensor unit • Personal protective equipment (if using glue) Installation Steps
Choosing the right mounting method is important to make sure the product doesn’t get damaged or falls of.
MOUNTING OPTIONS PER PRODUCT … 3 RIVETS … 4 RIVET DIMENSIONS … 4 THE WAY TO FIND YOUR RIVETS … 5 RIVET MATERIAL … 6 BOLTS AND SCREWS … 7 DOUBLE SIDED TAPE … 8 TIE WRAPS … 9 GLUE … 10 MAGNET MOUNTING KIT … 11 SENSOR AND TAG HOLDERS … 12 MOUNTING ADVICE FOR TRACKERS ON SPECIFIC MATERIALS … 13 VIBRATING PLASTICS IN OUTDOOR CONDITIONS … 13 PLASTIC BOXES … 13 METAL IN OUTDOOR CONDITIONS … 13 Trackers … 13 Tags … 13 FILL LEVEL SENSOR INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS … 14 MOUNTING OVERVIEW … 14 TOOLS AND MATERIALS NEEDED … 14 INSTALLATION STEPS … 14Last update: Thursday, June 12, 2025 3Mounting options per productProduct Rivets Bolts/screws Glue Double sided tape Tie wraps Holder Magnet mounting kit Battery powered trackers• TRACK 1000 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓ • TRACK 1020 ✓ ✓✓• TRACK 1030 ✓ ✓✓• TRACK 1100 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓ • TRACK 1140 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓ • TRACK 1110 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓• TRACK 1130 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓• TRACK 1101 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓ • TRACK 1141 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓Vehicle trackers• TRACK 1203✓ ✓ ✓• TRACK 1210 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓Tag trackers• TAG 2001 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓• TAG 2002✓ ✓✓• TAG 2002 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓• TAG 2007✓ ✓Sensors• SENSE T 4000✓ ✓✓• SENSE HT 4050✓ ✓✓• SENSE M 4201✓ ✓✓• SENSE T 4004✓ ✓✓• SENSE FL 4300✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓Infrastructure• GB 3000 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓• ZA 3500✓ ✓ ✓• ZA 3505 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓ • ZA 3510✓✓ ✓✓Last update: Thursday, June 12, 2025 4 Rivets We recommend rivets because they are easy in installation and strong. Use the appropriate size and length of the rivets. So how to choose the correct dimension of your rivets?
Rivet dimensionsFigure 1: Rivet dimensions D2: 12-14 mm is a good head diameter for 1100/1101 (dome or flat head) D1: 5-6 mm is a good diameter for 1100/1101 L: Rivet body length (decision depends on S) S: Grip range Rivet manufacturers give you the dimensions in D1 x L (e.g. 6 x 20). The rivet manufacturer gives the grip range for the different rivet dimensions that he provides,
e.g. GESIPA Blind rivets alu/steel dome head 6 x 20 has a Grip range of 13,00 - 15,00 mmDrillhole diameter: D1 + 0,1mm d: Mandrel diameter (needs to fit in your tool, a lot of rivet manufacturer/dealers don‘t have/show this information)
Tracker Thickes 8mm Asset material thicknessLast update: Thursday, June 12, 2025 5 For example: The length of the rivet should be equal to the thickness of both objects you are fastening the tracker to (mounting holes height + thickness material), plus 1.5 times the diameter of the rivet’s stem. Do not use rivets with a smaller diameter, this will not firmly attach the tracker. Do not use rivets with bigger diameter as you might damage the casing. The way to find your rivets • Choose the correct material of the rivet body • Determine the correct grip range (S) by adding tracker material thickness 8mm + material thickness of the asset • Choose your preferred rivet body diameter (5 or 6 mm) • Choose your preferred rivet head diameter (12 or 14 mm) • Make sure the mandrel diameter fits into your rivet tool. If you don’t know the maximum mandrel diameter that your tool can handle, you can determine that by sticking drills with different diameters into your rivet tool. There are often values on the rivet inserts of the riveting tool. These usually refer to rivet body diameters. However, since there are hundreds of different rivet variants on the market and almost every manufacturer does what they want, you should ignore this information and follow the recommendations in this document. Measuring is the best way. Other than others, GESIPA gives you the diameter of the mandrels). • Make sure you have enough drills with correct diameter, it can happen that you will break one or the other drill (rivet body diameter + 0,1mm (e.g. 6,1mm).
GESIPA – The experts in blind riveting: Standard blind rivetsTracker mount hole Diameters and height overviewProduct Distance between mounting holes Rivet diameter Height of mounting holes TRACK 1110 90 mm 5 mm 5 mm TRACK 1130 125 mm 5 mm 5mm TRACK 1100/1101/1140/1141 115 mm 6 mm 8 mm SENSE FL 4300 111,5 mm 4 mm 5 mm TAG 2001 49 mm 4 mm 3 mm TAG 2006 60 mm 4 mm 7 mm GB 3000 84 mm 4 mm
2 mm ZA 3505 115 mm 5 mm 8 mmℹ GESIPA is a good manufacturer of high quality rivets and has a wizard on their website toLast update: Thursday, June 12, 2025 6Rivet material Stainless steel Use Stainless steel rivets when mounting trackers on outdoor assets.Steel Steel rivets can be used for indoor purposes when mounting on steel assets.Aluminium Use aluminum rivets for mountin the tracker on materials such as aluminum, fabrics, plastics, leather,Figure 2 Moun!ng with rivets⚠ Using aluminium rivets on steel can cause the rivet to corrode.
⚠ Do not use stainless steel rivets on aluminium assets. They cause corrosion on the asset . ⚠ Do not use steel rivets on aluminium assets. They can cause corrosion on the asset.Last update: Thursday, June 12, 2025 7 Bolts and screws Bolts and screws are harder to install than rivets because you need access to both the bolt and the nut. This is not always possible, for example when installing tracker on sidewall of a large container. The advantage of bolts and screws is that it is easier to remove them, rivets/glue/tape is harder.
Using glue in combination with bolts and screws is common practice but requires more work.
- Use the appropriate size of screws, see table below. If you don't use the correct sizes you risk damaging the tracker or having an unsafe installa!on.
- It is recommended to use thread locking glue on the bolts. Thread locking glue is used to prevent bolts coming lose due to vibra!ons. Pay addi!onal a”en!on to this if you are installing the tracker on a vibra!ng asset. We recommend Loc!te Thread Locker Blue 242.
- Protect the tracker casing appropriately: protect the casing with a washer and use a spring washer to mi!gate the effects of vibra!on and temperature varia!ons.
- Do not apply more torque than found in the below table. You risk to damage the casing if you exceed it.
• 3M Acrylic Plus Tape Series PT1000 : h”ps://www.3m.com/3M/en_US/p/d/b40065692/ • 3M™ VHB™ Tape GPH-110GF : h”ps://www.3mbelgie.be/3M/nl_BE/p/d/b40065748 Follow these steps when applying double sided tape:
- Make sure the surface of the asset and device are clean and dry.
- Sand the surface of the asset.
- Sand the backside of the device.
- Apply the double sided tape.
- Press the device firm onto the asset for a minute.
- Let it dry for at least 1 hours before moving the asset.
In some cases, plastic tie wraps are also useful: if you need to remove the trackers often and fast for example. Take into account that tie wraps can be easily cut to take away the trackerProduct Tie wrap width TRACK 1110 6 mm TRACK 1100/1101/1140/1141 5 mm SENSE FL 4300 / TAG 2001 4 mm TAG 2006 4 mm ZA 3505 6 mmFigure 5 Moun!ng with !e wraps⚠ TRACK 1020 and TRACK 1030 cannot be mounted with tie wraps. The anti-tamper button needs to be pushed continuously to ensure proper working of the tracker.Last update: Thursday, June 12, 2025 10 Glue Glue can be very strong but also once it is glued, it is very hard to remove the device. You will probably damage the device and break warranty when removing a glued device.
Avoid gluing a tracker or tag on an asset that is regularly exposed to vibrations or shocks. Our devices are best paired with these recommended glue types.Product Glue type TRACK 1100/1110/1140/1101/1141 MS Polymeer SENSE FL 4300 MS Polymeer SENSE T 4000/ SENSE T 4004 / SENSE M 4201
Polyurethane glue TAG 2001 MS Polymeer TAG 2002 Polyurethane glue TAG 2006 MS Polymeer TAG 2007 MS Polymeer Apply these steps when using glue
- Make sure the surface of the asset and device are clean and dry.
- Sand the surface of the asset.
- Sand the backside of the device.
- Apply the glue to the sanded surface.
- Press the device firm onto the asset for a minute.
- Let it dry for at least 6 hours before moving the asset.
Magnet mounting kit for SENSE FL 4300 MNT MAG 8111 ZA 3510 Magnet mounting kit for 1 TRACK 1100/1101/1140 tracker MNT MAG 8110Figure 7 Moun!ng with magnet kit⚠ All other products cannot be mounted with a magnet mounting kit.Last update: Thursday, June 12, 2025 12 Sensor and tag holders Sensolus offers a holder and sticker kit to mount the sensors.
Use the holder if you can drill holes in the asset. The holder with screws is the safest mounting method for the listed sensors. Glue and double sided tape can react to heavy heat or cold temperatures.
You can mount the sensor using only the sticker (see mount with double sided tape). Or you can use the holder. You can mount the holder with double sided tape (see mount with double sided tape) or screws.Product Description Sensolus reference • SENSE T 4000 • SENSE T 4004 • SENSE HT 4050 • SENSE M 4201 • TAG 2002 ELA sensor mounting holder MNT ELA 8140Figure 8 Moun!ng with holdersLast update: Thursday, June 12, 2025 13 Mounting advice for trackers on specific materials Vibrating plastics in outdoor conditions Plastic may deteriorate over time from exposure to weather and vibrations. By using a combination of glue and bolts or rivets, you can securely fasten the device to the asset. Plastic boxes
Plastic boxes are handled by people, the stack them, let them drop sometimes, load them onto carriers and so on. Attaching trackers or Bluetooth tag trackers seems easy by gluing them. Check the material of the plastic box and look for a glue or silicone that is suited for the material. When glued, wait for at least 6 hours to handle the plastic box.
Metal in outdoor conditions Trackers We recommend to use mechanical mounting on metal in outdoor conditions. Rivets or blots and screws are a good solution. Please check the mounting advice for rivets and bolts.
Tags Glueing Bluetooth tag trackers onto metal assets works fine. Use of correct glue and respect drying times is essential. You can find the correct type of glue and drying times in the glue chapter of this document.Last update: Thursday, June 12, 2025 14 Fill Level Sensor Installation Instructions Mounting Overview The fill level sensor can be securely mounted using double-sided tape or industrial-grade polymer glue. Proper adhesion and sealing are critical to ensure accurate readings and long- term durability, especially in environments exposed to moisture. Tools and Materials Needed • Clean cloth or isopropyl alcohol wipes • Industrial-grade polymer glue (if chosen) • High-quality waterproof double-sided tape (if chosen) • Sensor unit • Personal protective equipment (if using glue) Installation Steps
- Surface Preparation o Clean the mounting surface thoroughly to remove any dust, oil, or moisture. o Ensure the surface is smooth and dry before proceeding.
- Apply Adhesive (Choose One Method) Option A: Double-Sided Tape o Cut the tape to match the size of the sensor’s mounting surface. o Important: Apply the tape so it covers 100% of the mounting area. o Press the tape firmly onto the back of the sensor. Option B: Industrial-Grade Polymer Glue o Apply the glue evenly across the entire mounting surface of the sensor. o Important: Avoid gaps or air pockets—coverage must be complete for a secure bond.
- Mount the Sensor o Press the sensor firmly against the mounting surface. o Hold or support the sensor for the adhesive’s recommended curing or bonding time.
- Final Check o Inspect the bond to ensure the sensor is flat and secure. o Allow glue to fully cure before exposing the sensor to operational conditions (refer to manufacturer’s glue curing time).